Plywood--Terms and Definitions

Ingredients and preparation

veneer--Thin sliced wood produced by rotary cutting, semicircular rotary cutting, slicing or sawing methods

losse side--A defect in leather

ply--Each layer in plywood

outerply--Surface veneer of plywood

face--The plywood has the better appearance quality.

back--On the other side of the panel relative to the face

cenralply--The other layers are constructed in the center layer of its plywood

cross band; lateral ply--Inner unit with texture direction perpendicular to the surface texture

centres, longitudinal ply--Inner veneer with grain direction parallel to the surface plate grain

core--The center layer of sandwich plywood or composite plywood. Usually its thickness is greater than the other layers

joint--Connection of adjacent veneers in the same layer

edge joint--Two pieces of flush-edge veneer are stitched along the longitudinal edge, and the seam is the same as the veneer's grain direction

end joint--Two pieces of flush-sided veneer are spliced along the extreme, and the seam is perpendicular to the veneer grain direction

scarf joint--Two pieces of veneers are spliced along the end of the inclined panel or the edge of the inclined panel

finger joint--The ends of the two veneers are processed into finger-shaped tenons and interlaced on the plane

glue, adhesive--Substance used to glue two surfaces to each other

bond--Bonding with adhesive

glue linc--A thin layer of adhesive that glues two adjacent surfaces

Wood grain

grain--The texture formed by the direction of fiber arrangement in wood

straight grain--The wood grain is straight and parallel or nearly parallel to one of the two main directions (long or wide) of the veneer

angle grain--The wood grain is not perpendicular to the veneer edge

iregular grain--The wood grain is not straight due to the abnormal structure of the wood

Various plywood

plywood--A group of veneers is usually made by gluing the adjacent layers of wood grains perpendicular to each other. The surface board and the inner board are usually arranged symmetrically on both sides of the central layer or the core.

long grained plywood--Plywood whose surface grain is parallel or nearly parallel to the long side of the board

cross grained plywood--A plywood whose wood grain is almost in line or parallel to the short side of the board

plywood for general use--Plywood for a wide range of uses

specialty plywood--Plywood for special purposes

exterior plywood; outdoor plywood--weather treated plywood, water resistance and high humidity resistance

type 1 plywood--weather resistant plywood, this type of plywood has durability, resistance to boiling or steam treatment, etc. can be used outdoors

interior plywood--Plywood that does not have the adhesive properties of long-term water immersion or excessively high temperature

type 2 plywood--water resistant plywood, this type of waterproof plywood can be immersed in cold water or withstand hot water for a short time impregnated, but not resistant to boiling

type 3 plywood--moisture resistant plywood, this type of timber plywood can withstand short-term cold water immersion, suitable for indoor use

type 4 plywood--Non moisture resistant plywood, this type of plywood is used indoors under normal conditions and has a certain bonding strength

structural plywood--Plywood with limited mechanical performance requirements

star plywood--Plywood made by carefully selected glue star arrangement group

core plywood--Plywood with core

blockboard--The board core is composed of wooden strips, and the wooden strips can be glued or not glued

callular board--The board core is composed of a honeycomb structure. On both sides of the board core, there should usually be at least two layers of veneers arranged vertically with wood grains.

composite plywood--The board core (or certain layers) is composed of materials other than solid plywood or veneer, on both sides of the board core.Usually there should be at least two layers of veneers with wood grains arranged perpendicular to each other

decorative plywood--Two surface veneers or one of them is decorative veneer

moulded plywood--Non-planar plywood formed by pressure in a press mold

scarfed plywood--Glue two or more plywoods with a bevel to increase the size of the plywood

finger jointed plywood--Two or more plywoods are glued together by the edge-finger staggered bonding method to add large-format plywood

plywood sheet lengths--Dimensions along the wood grain direction

plywood widths--Dimensions perpendicular to the length of the board

ply thicknesses--Dimensions perpendicular to the board

lay-up

lay-up--The layout of each layer of veneer in the slab according to the direction and thickness of the wood grain

cross-banded plies--The wood grain re-straight arrangement of two adjacent layers of veneer

star formation--Two adjacent layers of single-phase wood grains are arranged in a star-shaped arrangement

parallel grain plies--The wood grains of two adjacent layers of veneers are arranged in the same direction

Various defects

Material defect

knots--Branch part wrapped in wood

pln knots--Sound joints with a diameter not exceeding 3mm

intergrown knots

dead knots

partially intergtown knots 

sound knots--No rotten knots

unsound knots  

knot koles--Holes caused by falling knots

abnormal structure--Defects caused by abnormal wooden structure, such as wrinkles. corrugated. Staggered patterns, snail swirls, etc.

resin pocket--A lentil-like cavity in wood that contains or once contained resinous substances

inbark bark pocket--The bark that is wholly or partly encased in the wood due to the growth of the tree

resin streak--After a tree is locally injured, a large amount of resin accumulates and penetrates into the surrounding wood to form. The color is darker than the surrounding normal wood.

worm holesborer holes--The holes and passages made by borers or their larvae in wood marks of parasitic plants  Clusters of small channels formed by parasitic plants or rot plants penetrating into wood

discoloration--The change in the normal color of wood is called discoloration, which can be divided into chemical discoloration and fungal discoloration.

false heartwood--The color of the center part of healthy wood is different from normal wood, often dark brown or reddish brown, and usually its density and hardness are relatively high.

chemical stain--Wood discoloration caused by chemical reactions between wood components and certain foreign substances

mould--Hyphae and spores of molds on wood surfaces

blue stain--Also known as blue change, the color of the sapwood becomes gray, slightly blue or light green

pith flecks--The wound healing tissue formed by insects in the cambium before felling

flecks treaks--Wood rot fungi are formed at the initial stage of invading wood, and brown is often seen. Tan or fuchsia stains

decay rot--Due to the intrusion of wood-rot fungi, the cell wall material is decomposed, resulting in soft wood, decreased strength and density, and wood tissue and color often change

incipient decay--The wood is eroded by fungal growth and its chemical composition changes slightly (usually before drying), shows slight changes in hardness and discoloration, resulting in changes in wood properties

dog holes--Holes caused by hooks and mining workers’ tools during wood shipment

split, end split--The fibers are separated along the direction of the wood grain, usually starting from one end and passing through the thickness of the early board

Processing defects

openjoint--The splicing between two adjacent veneers in the same layer is not tight

coregap--Plywood core board or the release seam in the core board

centres gap--Cracks in the plywood long middle board

overlap--Two layer veneers (or two parts of a cracked veneer) in the same layer of veneer overlap each other

blister--Partial separation caused by failure of gluing between adjacent layers of veneer

delamination--Separation of two adjacent layers of veneer due to lack of glue or poor bonding

hollow--Local depression on the board

imprint--Local dents on the panel

bump hump--Partially thick that appears on the board

lathe check cutting check--Small cracks that can be seen when the board is configured facing out

torn grain--The plywood surface is rough due to fiber tearing

roughness--The roughness of the plywood surface

sandlng through--Due to excessive sanding of the surface plate, the glue layer or the next layer of veneer is exposed in the partly worn area

glue penetration--Adhesive seeps out of the surface board and contaminates the board surface

inclusion of gummed tape--The inside of the plywood contains adhesive tape

metallic inclusions--Plywood contains metal objects such as U nails

defects at the eddges of the panel--Edge defects caused by sanding, sawing or collision

warping--Generally regular deformation, part or all of the surface of the corrugated plate is curved

repaired

repaired plywood--Plywood whose defects have been repaired with fillers or veneer patches

filling--Fill defects such as holes and gaps with fillers

insert--Use good veneers of various shapes to embed the defect parts that have been excavated in advance

patck plug--Geometric veneer for digging and patching

shim--Narrow and long veneers for repair

Surface condition (unfinished)

sanded plywood--Plywood whose surface has been sanded by a sander

scraped plywood--Plywood whose surface has been scraped by a scraper

Further processing

Processing with facing method

prefinished plywood--prefinished plywood suppliers near me produce products that has been specially processed by the manufacturer and does not need to be modified during use

overlaid plywood; faced plywood--The surface is covered with decorative veneer, wood grain paper, impregnated paper, plastic, tree.

treated plywood--Plywood treated with chemicals during or after manufacturing

preservative treated plywood--To improve extreme durability, plywood treated with fungicides or insecticides

flame retardant plywood--In order to retard the spread of flame, plastic platen treated with flame retardant

resin treated plywood--Plywood treated with resin by impregnation or other methods

direct print plywood--Printed directly on the surface of plywood with imitation wood grain or other patterns

embossed plywood--Embossing a color pattern on the surface of the plywood

Machining

transformed plywood--Plywood processed by mechanical finishing or gluing, such as cutting, profiling saw, inserting, drilling, milling, etc.

cutved plywood--Plywood that has been bent once or several times


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